Property | Value |
Name | Biorhythms: Current understanding and applications |
Description | Review article:- Biochemistry Pallavi Mahajan1*, Kuldip S. Sodhi1, Jasbir Singh2 & Rajesh Pandey3
1Post-graduate student, 2Professor,3Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, MM Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Mullana, Ambala, Haryana ,India. Abstract:- Circadian rhythm is the internal, 24-hour clock and is coordinated by a pacemaker located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), which is synchronized to the environmental light/dark cycle of 24 h. Circadian clock influences nearly all aspects of physiology and behavior, including sleep-wake cycles, cardiovascular activity, endocrine system, body temperature, renal activity, physiology of the gastrointestinal tract, and hepatic metabolism. Similar clock oscillators have been found in peripheral tissues such as the liver, intestine, heart, and retina. There are two major ways by which metabolic information may reach the SCN: 1) the sympathetic and parasympathetic branches of the autonomic nervous system; and 2) hormones or nutrients, such as glucose, that cross the blood brain barrier. Circadian rhythm disorders are disruptions in a person’s "internal body clock" that regulates the 24-hour cycle of biological processes in animals. The key feature of circadian rhythm disorders is a continuous or occasional disruption of sleep patterns leading to various disorders like delayed sleep phase syndrome, advanced sleep phase syndrome, jet lag and shift work disorder. Disruption to rhythms in the longer term is believed to have significant adverse health consequences on peripheral organs outside the brain, particularly in the development or exacerbation of cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and tumor development in several ways, by altering immunocompetence, growth factor expression or the endocrine environment. Future research will continue to focus on expanding our understanding of how brain and peripheral clocks coordinately regulate metabolic processes and the impact of circadian rhythms in human health and disease. The further exploration of molecular mediators that coordinate circadian, metabolic, and endocrine systems may lead to improved therapeutics and preventive interventions.
Key words:- Biorhythm, circadian, suprachiasmatic nucleus, metabolism, hormones, disorders.
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Copyright © 2013 Pallavi Mahajan et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
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