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Research article:- *Amit Pandey1, Rajesh Kumar2
1.R&D Division, MRD LifeSciences, Lucknow-226010, India.
2.Institute of Biosciences & Biotechnology, CSJM University, Kanpur -802024, India.
Abstract :-The antibacterial properties of “Lawsonia inermis” commonly known as “Henna or Mehandi” tested against bacterial pathogens (S. aureus, P. aeruginosa and E. coli). Agar diffusion susceptibility test revealed inhibition zone of Henna sample. The Henna leaves were exhibiting best result followed by fruits, bark root and stems. The solvents were used ethanol, methanol, ethyl acetate and hot water, compare to all, ethanolic extract and ethyl acetate extract were showing best result against one gram positive culture Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC 2940) and two gram negative cultures Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC 2453) and E. coli (MTCC 739). The MIC value was determined by using broth dilution methods. Ethanolic extract of Henna was subjected to get the MIC against test organisms and it was found to be 1.45 mg/ml for E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Keywords:- Antibacterial properties, ethanolic and ethyl acetate plant extract, MIC, zone of inhibition.
Research article:- *Ashish Jain1, Satish Nayak2, Vandana Soni3 *
1 M.Pharm, Assistant Professor, Bansal College of Pharmacy, Kokta, Anand Nagar, Bhopal-462021, India.
2.Ph.D., Director, Bansal College of Pharmacy, Kokta, Anand Nagar, Bhopal-462021, India.
3.Ph.D., Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dr H.S.Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar 470003, M.P. India.
Abstract:- The pupose of the present work was to assess iontophoretic transdermal delivery of Captopril across pigskin for its transdermal development. In vitro iontophoretic transdermal delivery of Captopril across the pigskin was investigated at three different drug concentrations and tree different current densities (0.25- 075 mA/cm2 ) in the donor cell of the diffusion apparatus, using cathodal iontophoresis along with the passive controls. For passive permeation, the steady state flux significantly increased with the donor drug concentration. At all concentration levels, iontophoresis considerably increased the permeation rate compared to passive controls. Iontophoretic transport of Captopril was to be found with current densities. Flux enhancement was highest at the lowest drug load and lowest at the highest drug load. We concluded permeation rate of drugs across the pigskin can be considerably enhanced by the use of Iontophoresis.
Keywords: Captopril; Iontophoresis; Pigskin; Transdermal drug delivery.
Research article:- Jahir Alam Khan1 , * Krishna Pratap Yadav2
1.R &D Division, MRD LifeSciences (P) Ltd., Lucknow (U.P), India.
2.Department of Biotechnology, R.M.L. Awadh University, Faizabad (U.P). India.
Abstract:-Cold and hot water, methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, acetone, and hexane extracts of leaves, stem and roots of Ricinus communis in a final concentration of 500mg/ml were evaluated for their antifungal properties against pathogenic microorganisms such as Trycophyton rubrum, Candida albicans, Microsporum Spp. using agar well diffusion method. In case of leaf cold aqueous, methanolic and acetone extracts were effective. Only cold aqueous extract of stem was effective. Cold aqueous extract of root was most effective followed by acetone, ethyl acetate and hexane extracts. MIC was also calculated for the most effective extracts and it was found to be 31.25mg/ml.
Key words :- Antifungal properties, Ricinus communis, Pathogens, Solvent extraction, Agar well diffusion
Research article:- * Salah I. Kheder
Ph.D Pharmacology - National college of Medical & Techenical sciencies National college of Medical & Techenical sciencies– Pharmacy program , Khartoum – Sudan,3783 Khartoum.
Abstract:-Most hospitals in Sudan consumed large amount of cephalosporin antibiotics, particularly in surgical departments as the preferred choice for prophylaxis. The present study audited the use of cephalosporin in a general hospital surgical setting and investigated the resistance rates to the different cephalosporin antibiotics used. Consumption of cephalosporin antibiotics calculated, and surveillance susceptibility results was obtained on a daily base for 2 years from May 2008 to May 2010, from hospital microbiology laboratory and analyzed every 3-4 months. Consumption was significantly decreased from 270 DDDs/1000 patient-days at the beginning of observational periods to 104 DDDs/1000 patient-days for the last 3 months of intervention period (representing a 61.6% decrease), but high resistance rates remained almost unchanged. Appropriate infection control and antibiotic management strategies are needed to stem the spread of this emerging of resistance.
Key words :- Antibiotic resistance, Antibiotic policy, Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamases, ESBLs.
Research article:- * P.B.AYOOLA1, O.O.ONAWUMI2 and O.O.P.FABOYA2.
1.Department of Science Laboratory Technology, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology,P.M.B.4000, Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria.
2.Department of Chemistry, Ladoke Akintola University of Technology,P.M.B.4000,Ogbomoso,Oyo State, Nigeria.
Abstract:-Sample of Tetracarpidium conophorum seeds (Nigerian walnut) was analysed for Proximate composition, Phytochemical composition, Vitamins and Mineral constituents. The result of proximate analysis shows that the raw seeds contained 41.5% moisture, 4.28% fat,7.34% fibre,21.65% protein, 5.27% Ash and 19.96% carbohydrate. The phytochemical screening and subsequent quantification revealed the presence of bioactive compounds. Tannin, 0.089mg/kg, Alkaloid, 2.380mg/kg and Gallic acid, 0.024mg/kg. There were no traces of saponin, flavonoids, cardiac glycosides, anthraquinones, ellagic acid and caffeinic acid. The mineral analysis revealed the constituents to be K, 6250mg/kg, Na, 4830mg/kg, Ca, 4337.5mg/kg, Mg, 1711.25mg/kg, Fe, 110mg/kg, Zn, 40.10mg/kg, Mn, 22.00mg/kg, Cu, 16.45mg/kg,. Vitamin composition results showed that the seed contained Thiamine (B1) 0.06μg/100g, Ascorbic acid (C) 4.15μg/100g, Riboflavin (B2) 0.02μg/g, Niacin, 0.05μg/100g, Cyanocobalamin (B12) ,0.12μg/100g. The results proved that Tetracarpidium conophorum seed is a food and could be a potential source of useful drugs formulation.
Key words :- Tetracarpidium conophorum, Coula edulis, phytochemical, nutrient, seed.