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Research article:- *Dr. Narayan Shrihari MD (Microbiology)1,
Dr. KumudiniT.S D.Bact (Microbiology) 2, Dr. Mariraj. J MD (Microbiology) 3, Dr. Krishna.S MD (Microbiology) 4
1Asst. Professor, Department of Microbiology, Vijayanagar Institute of Medical Sciences (VIMS), Bellary-583104, India.
2 Tutor, Department of Microbiology, Vijayanagar Institute of Medical Sciences (VIMS), Bellary-583104, India.
3 Professor, Department of Microbiology, Vijayanagar Institute of Medical Sciences (VIMS), Bellary-583104, India.
4 Professor and Head, Department of Microbiology, Vijayanagar Institute of Medical Sciences (VIMS), Bellary-583104, India.
Abstract:- Background: An arbovirus is one that multiplies in a blood sucking arthropod and is transmitted by the bite to a vertebrate host. Objective: To know the prevalence of dengue, chikungunya and Japanese B encephalitis arboviral infections in and around Bellary district. Material and Methods: The laboratory records of clinically suspected dengue, chikungunya and Japanese B encephalitis patients from January 2009 to December 2011were analyzed retrospectively and results of Ig M anti dengue, chikungunya and japanese B encephalitis antibodies tested by Ig M capture enzyme linked immunosorbant assay (Mac ELISA). A total of 1396 dengue suspected serum samples were analyzed, out of which 160 (11.46%) samples were found positive for dengue virus infection. Maximum positive cases were seen in 2009 (15.72%). A total of 1386 chikungunya suspected serum samples were analyzed, out of which 343 (24.75%) samples were fond positive for chikungunya virus infection. Maximum number of positive cases was seen in 2010 (28.40%). A total of 706 japanese B encephalitis suspected cerebrospinal fluid samples and 491 serum samples were analyzed, out of which 31(4.39%) in cerebrospinal fluid samples and 20 (4.05%) in serum samples were found positive for japanese B encephalitis virus infection. Here maximum cases were found in 2009 (7.09%). The present study emphasizes the continuous sero-epidemiological surveillance for the effective arboviruses mainly dengue, chikungunya and japanese B encephalitis control programme.
Keywords:- Dengue, Chikungunya and Japanese B Encephalitis and Ig M antibody capture ELISA
Research article:-
* BARNABAS, B. BANJI (M. Sc.), ALIYU, M. BABADOKO (Ph. D) , GBATE, MOHAMMED (M. Sc.) , OBI, U. PAULINE (B. Sc.) AND ATTAIRU, A. A. (HND).
1 Department of Science Laboratory Technology, P. M. B. 55, The Federal Polytechnic, Bida, Niger State, Nigeria.
Abstract:- Prevalence study of schistosomiasis and other intestinal helminthic infections was undertaken among school-aged children in Agaie, Agaie LGA of Niger State; between January, 2010 and September, 2011. Aim: The study is aimed at status assessment of these diseases in the Town and its environs. Base-line information could be useful in integrating the area into the National Schistosomiasis Control Initiative of Nigeria Federal Ministry of Health. Design/Materials and method: A total of 718 urine and stool samples were collected for microscopic examination. Concentration method was used to process the urine and stool samples. The data for this project work were analyzed using SPSS 10.0 version. The data were subjected to Pearson correlation coefficient test which measures the degree of relationship between two or more variables as well as the chi-square test of association. The proportion value of P > 0.01 was not significant while a value of P< 0.01 was significant. Result: The study showed an overall infection prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis to be 37.0%, and infection prevalence of other intestinal helminthiases to be 43.2%. The commonest intestinal helminth infection identified was Ascaris lumbricoides (13.8%). The overall prevalence of infections was higher among the males and age group 5-9 years. Conclusion: The study has shown a gloomy picture of infections of schistosomiasis and other intestinal helminthiases in Agaie and its environs. Recommendations: Although assessment of the medical and public health implications of these parasitic intestinal helminthic diseases were not part of the current study, there is urgent need for mass drug administration (MDA) in order to reduce the impacts of these diseases and reduce the potential of transmission in this local government area and the state in general.
Key Words:- Agaie, Children, Niger State, Nigeria, Prevalence; and Schistosomiasis.
Article Retracted
The article has been retracted due to conflict of interest between author.
Retraction of
Fahd Manzoor Thokar et al.Extended spectrum-β-Lactamase (ESBL) producing community acquired Escherichia coli isolates & their antimicrobial susceptibility pattern in Kashmir.JPBMS;2012:15(01).
Research article:-
Ekadashi Rajni Sabharwal.1, Niraj Kumar Biswas.2, Vishnu Purohit.3
1,2Assistant professor Microbiology Department, Jhalawar medical college, Jhalawar (Rajasthan), India.
3 Diploma Pathology, Purohit blood bank, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India.
Abstract:- Acquisition of transfusion transmissible infections in the process of therapeutic blood transfusion is a major global health challenge in transfusion medicine. The prevalence of seropositivity among blood donors was evaluated in a 4 year retrospective study from 2007 to 2010 conducted at Purohit blood bank, Sri Ganganagar, Rajasthan, India. Donors were evaluated for the prevalence of HCV, HBV, HIV and syphilis. A total of 21399 healthy blood donors were tested, out of which 7711 (36.03%) were replacement donors and 13688 (63.96%) were voluntary donors. Males formed the bulk of the donor population (92.71%). The prevalence of HCV, HBV, HIV and syphilis was 0.82% (ranging from 0.23% in 2008 to 1.37% in 2010), 0.79% (ranging from 0.32% in 2008 to 1.03% in 2010), 0.14% (ranging from 0.09% in 2007 to 0.20% in 2010) and 0.50% (ranging from 0.21% in 2008 to 0.61% in 2009) respectively. Our study underscores the increasing endemicity of TTIs in our community and the need for a sensitive screening algorithm of blood donations to improve blood safety.
Keywords:- HIV, HBV, HCV, syphilis, seroprevalence, transfusion transmitted infections (TTIs).
Research article:-
*S. Lokanadham 1 , N.Khaleel 2 , Sateesh Naik. K3 , V.Subhadra Devi. 4
1School of Medical Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Central University, Hyderabad-500 046, Andhra Pradesh, India.
2Department of Anatomy, St.John Medical College, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.
3Department of Anatomy, Sri Bhasaweswara Medical College, Chitradurga, Karnataka, India. 4Department of Anatomy, Sri Venkateswara Medical College, Tirupati-517502, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Abstract: Formalin fixed 15 (male-6, female-9) aborted fetuses from 16weeks -36 weeks of gestational age were dissected to study the morphology of fetal thyroid glands. Crown -Rump length, Crown - Heel length and weight of the fetus along with fetal thyroid morphological and morphometric parameters were recorded. We observed the broader right lobes, broader left lobes of the thyroid glands, pyramidal lobe, levator glandulae thyroidae and isthmus agenesis which may consider under multiple morphological anomalies of the thyroid gland. Female fetuses (n = 5) are showing the broader right lobes and male fetuses (n = 3) are showing broader left lobes. The morphological parameters of the both broader right and left lobes of the thyroid glands of the fetuses were recorded. This study highlights various developmental anomalies of the thyroid gland, thereby forming a corner stone to safe and effective surgery.
Keywords: :-Agenesis of isthmus, pyramidal lobe, variation lobes.