DocumentsDate added
Research article
*1G. N. Nikisha & 2Nandhini. R
Affiliation:-
1CRRI,2professor, Department of Physiology, Sree Balaji Medical College & Hospital,chennai,#7, Works Road, Chromepet, Chennai - 600 044.Tamil Nadu, India
Abstract:
The aim of the study is to find the diurnal variation of blood pressure in young adolescent girls of age 12±2 years. Around 100 school students of class VI standard were included in the study protocol. Questioner was given to them to assess the height, weight, food habits and family history of hypertension. The blood pressure was measured using sphygmomanometer in sitting posture at 9.30 am and 3.00 pm of the same day. The mean systolic blood pressure(SBP) and diastolic blood pressure(DBP) at 3.00 pm were found to be significantly higher than values recorded at 9.30 am (p=0.000 for both systolic and diastolic blood pressure). Mean blood pressure of children of hypertensive parents were found to be higher than mean BP of children of normotensive parents. We conclude that proper identification and monitoring of blood pressure in children who are at risk of developing hypertension and early lifestyle modifications will reduce incidence, morbidity and mortality due to hypertension.
Key words: Diurnal blood pressure; melatonin; hypertensive parents.
References:-
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Article citation:-
Nikisha. G. N. & Nandhini. R. Diurnal variation of blood pressure in children. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 August; 33(33): 1532-1536.Available at http://www.jpbms.info
Copyright © 2013 Nikisha G. N. & Nandhini. R. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article
*Nusiba Siddig Mustafa1 & Wafa Ibrahim Elhag2
Affiliation:-
1Khartoum state ministry of health Othman Digna Street Crossing Aljamaa Str. C/O Research Directorate, Sudan.
2Department of Medical Microbiology, Al Neelain University, Sudan.
Author’s contributions: - Both the author contributed equally to this paper.
.
Work attributed by: Alshaabeia Health Center, Khartoum state ministry of health Othman Digna Street Crossing Aljamaa Str. C/O Research Directorate, Sudan.
Abstract:
The early diagnosis of rotavirus infection is essential for effective patient management and infection control. LA test was compared with ELISA technique for rotavirus antigen detection. One hundred and fifty fecal samples obtained from hospitalized infants and children with acute diarrhea from May to July 2012 and examined by LA and ELISA. Of the 150 samples 45(30%) were positive by both LA and ELISA methods, 88(58.7%) were negative by the two methods. There were 10(6.7%) positive by LA but negative by ELISA and 7(4.7%) positive by ELISA but negative by LA. LA is suitable and efficient test as simple, rapid and cheap screening test for diagnosis of rotavirus gastroenteritis. This reduce the usage of antibiotics which cannot control infection due to rotavirus..
Key words: Acute gastroenteritis; watery diarrhea – dehydration; nosocomial infection.
References:-
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Article citation:-
Nusiba Siddig Mustafa & Wafa Ibrahim Elhag. Diagnosis of rotavirus gastroenteritis by a latex agglutination test in Khartoum State, Sudan. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 August; 33(33): 1594-1598.Available at http://www.jpbms.info
Copyright © 2013 Nusiba Siddig Mustafa & Wafa Ibrahim Elhag. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article
*1Padiyath Sreeshma,2Hemachandra Champa,3Rao Padmaraj Sunil
& 4Kotigadde Subbannayya
Affiliation:-
1,2Assistant Professor, 4Professor, Department of Microbiology, K. V. G. Medical College & Hospital, Sullia, D.K., Karnataka- 574 327, India.
3Professor & HOD, Department of Microbiology, Yenepoya Medical College, Deralakatte, Mangalore, India.
Author’s contributions-All the authors have contributed to this paper.
Abstract:
Background: Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an important cause of nosocomial infections. When multidrug resistant P.aeruginosa infections are suspected, early and appropriate antimicrobial drug therapy is crucial due to limited therapeutic options.
Aim: The present study was undertaken to detect extended spectrum β- lactamase (ESBL), AmpC β- lactamase and metallo β- lactamase (MBL) production in P. aeruginosa isolates.
Materials and Methods: A total of fifty (n=50) P.aeruginosa strains isolated from various clinical samples, were tested for antimicrobial susceptibility testing as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) guidelines. ESBL production was detected by double disc synergy test and CLSI phenotypic confirmatory test. Detection of inducible AmpC β-lactamase was performed by disc antagonism test, plasmid mediated AmpC β-lactamase by AmpC disc test and modified three dimensional test. MBL was detected by disc potentiation test.
Results: Out of the 50 isolates of P.aeruginosa, 25 (50%) were found to be ESBL producers by CLSI phenotypic confirmatory test but double disc synergy test failed to detect these. Eight (16%) isolates were MBL producers. All isolates were resistant to cefoxitin (100%), of which 24 (48%) isolates revealed the presence of inducible AmpC β-lactamase. 13 (26%) isolates showed the coexistence of ESBL and AmpC β-lactamase and two (4%) of the isolates were coproduced ESBL and MBL.
Conclusion: Our study revealed production of β-lactamases in many isolates. Hence we suggest that all resistant strains should be routinely screened for different kinds of β-lactamase production so as to restrict their spread in the hospital and community.
Key words: AmpC β- lactamase, Drug resistance, Extended spectrum β- lactamase, Metallo β- lactamase, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
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Padiyath Sreeshma,Hemachandra Champa,Rao Padmaraj Sunil & Kotigadde Subbannayya. Detection of Extended spectrum β-lactamase, AmpC β-lactamase and Metallo β-lactamase in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 August; 33(33): 1506-1515.Available at http://www.jpbms.info
Copyright © 2013 Padiyath Sreeshma,Hemachandra Champa,Rao Padmaraj Sunil & Kotigadde Subbannayya. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited
Original article
Nalini Kanta Sahoo1,*, Madhusmita Sahu2, P.Praneeth3, P.S.K.Manjeera4, K.Lavanya5
Affiliation:-
*1M..Pharm.,(Ph..D.),2M..Pharm.,3,4,5B.Pharm., Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Yalamarty Pharmacy College, Tarluwada, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India, 530052.
Author’s contributions-All authors contributed equally to this paper.
Abstract:
The aim of the present work is to develop a simple accurate, precise, and cost effective UV-Vis spectrophotometric method for the estimation of Atorvastatin calcium, an anti-hyperlipidemic drug.The solvent for estimation of atorvastatin in its bulk and tablet used is composed of methanol: water (50:50) and the λmax or the absorption maxima of the drug was found to be 246nm. A linear response was observed in the range of 1-10 µg/ml with regression coefficient of 0.999. The method was then validated for different parameters as per the I.C.H (International Conference for harmonization) guidelines. The results found are well within the limits. Atorvastatin calcium was subjected to stress degradation under different conditions recommended by ICH.This method can be used for the determination of atorvastatin calcium in quality control of formulation without interference of the excipients. The sample generated was used for degradation studies using the developed method.
Keywords: Atorvastatin calcium; anti-hyper lipidemic; UV-Vis spectroscopy.
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Article citation:
Nalini Kanta Sahoo, Madhusmita Sahu, P.Praneeth, P.S.K.Manjeera, K.Lavanya. Degradation monitoring method development and validation of spectophotometric estimation of Atorvastatin calcium in bulk and tablet formulation. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 August; 33(33): 1551-1557. Available at http://www.jpbms.info
Research article:
Akujobi CN, *Ezeanya CC,Madu OJ,Egwuatu CC.
Affiliation:
Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Nnewi Campus, Nigeria.
Abstract:
Background: Carbapenems are a class of β lactam antibiotics with broad antibacterial activity. However, the increasing use of the drug class has resulted in varied susceptibility pattern of Pseudomonas aeruginosa thus limiting treatment options. Aims: The study was done to determine the carbapenem susceptibility pattern and to detect novel class 1 integron of the metallo-beta-lactamase genes among Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from clinical specimens in South Eastern Nigeria. Settings and Duration of Study: The study was carried out in South Eastern Nigeria with all experimental works done in Nnamdi Azikiwe University Teaching Hospital, Nigeria from June 2012 – January 2013. Methods and Materials: Five hundred clinical specimens were examined of which 36 P.aeruginosa was isolated here in South Eastern Nigeria. Antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the isolates to Carbapenem was determined by disc diffusion method. PCR analysis involved: DNA Extraction, amplification of beta-lactamase genes. Result: Meropenem had highest susceptibility of 36 (100%), Imipenem 27 (75.0%) and Ertapenem 4 (11.1%). The PCR results showed that twenty-one isolates were resistance to β-lactamase encoding resistance to carbapenems but do not harbor a novel class 1 integron (CS) of the metallo-β-lactamase (MBL) blaIMP-1 gene. Conclusion: Carbapenems are one of the antibiotics of last resort for many bacterial infections. Recently, alarm has been raised over the spread of drug resistance to carbapenem antibiotics among this organism. There are currently no new antibiotics to combat bacteria resistance to carbapenems, and worldwide spread of the resistance gene is considered a potential nightmare scenario.
Key words: Carbapenem susceptibility; Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates; Clinical specimens; Class 1 integron.
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Article citation:-
Akujobi CN, Ezeanya CC, Madu OJ, Egwuatu CC. Carbapenem Susceptibility Pattern among Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates from clinical specimens in South Eastern Nigeria. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 August; 33(33): 1491-1494.Available at http://www.jpbms.info
Copyright © 2013 Akujobi CN, Ezeanya CC, Madu OJ, Egwuatu CC. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.