DocumentsDate added
Research article
1Pavanchand Shetty,2S.Sasikumar,*3Y.P.Raghavendra Babu,4Ashwini Kumar,
5 Vinod C Nayak, 6Shankar M Bakkannavar,7Vikram Palimar & 8Pradeep Kumar G.
Affiliation:-
1PavanchandShetty, Assistant Professor, Dept. of Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, (affiliated to Manipal University), India.
2S. Sasikumar, Assistant professor, Dept. of Forensic Medicine, Vinayaka Mission KirupandaVariyar Medical College, Salem, India
3Y.P.RaghavendraBabu, Associate Professor, Dept. of Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore (affiliated to Manipal University), India.
4Ashwini Kumar, Assistant Professor, Dept. of Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, (affiliated to Manipal University), India.
5Vinod C Nayak, Associate Professor, Dept. of Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, (affiliated to Manipal University), India.
6M Bakkannavar, Associate Professor, Dept. of Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, (affiliated to Manipal University), India.
7VikramPalimar, Professor and Head, Associate Professor, Dept. of Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, (affiliated to Manipal University), India.
8Pradeep Kumar G, Professor and Dean, Associate Professor, Dept. of Forensic Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, (affiliated to Manipal University), India.
Author’s contributions-All the authors contributed equally to this paper.
Abstract:
The paramount medico legal issue in any postmortem examination relates to the determination of time since death because of the inquiries that arise during the investigation of any medico legal case related to the time of committal of crime. This study tries to analyze whether changes in parameters of the constituents of pericardial fluid has any bearing as to the time since death. The pH, pO2, pCO2 and HCO3 were used to correlate with the postmortem interval. No statistical correlation was observed between the parameters and postmortem interval. More research is suggested in this field with larger sample size and immediate analysis of pericardial fluid could probably yield results that could be of help to estimate postmortem interval.
Key words: Postmortem interval; pericardial fluid; autopsy.
References:-
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7. Singh D, Prashad R, Sharma SK, Pandey AN.Estimation of Postmortem Interval from Human Pericardial fluid electrolytes Concentrations in Chndigarh Zone of India: Log Transformed Linear Regression Model. Legal Medicine 2006; 8: 279-287.Pubmed
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Article citation:-
Pavanchand Shetty et al. Pericardial fluid analysis: an attempt to correlate with postmortem interval. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 August; 33(33): 1449-1453.Available at http://www.jpbms.info
Copyright © 2013 Pavanchand Shetty et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article
* 1Shashidhar S Suligavi,2Shilpa K Gokale,3S S Doddamani & 4C S Hiremath
Affiliation:-
1Associate professor, 3Professor & HOD, 4Associate professor, Department of ENT,2Assistant professor, Department of Microbiology, S. Nijalingappa Medical College, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India.
Author’s contributions-All authors contributed equally to this paper.
Work Attribution: Department of ENT, SNMC Bagalkot, Karnataka 587102 India.
Abstract:
Objective: To report the effectiveness of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) in a series of paediatric patients with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) in north Karnataka region, India.
Method: It is a retrospective study of 28 children (31 eyes) between February 2006 and August 2012.The main outcome measures were clinical presentation, surgical technique, operative complications and resolution of epiphora. Children with craniofacial abnormalities and previous DCR were excluded.
Results: Twenty eight (28) children with congenital NLDO within 2 years to 14 years of age underwent endoscopic DCR. Twenty five (25) cases were unilateral and three (3) were bilateral. Preoperative procedures like lacrimal probing and irrigation were done in 20 cases. Patients were followed for 12±6 months. Twenty eight (28) cases were benefitted by this surgery, two cases had incomplete resolution and one case had to undergo second surgery.
Conclusion: Endoscopic DCR is an effective treatment in children for unresolved congenital NLDO.
Key words: Paediatric; congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction; endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy.
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Article citation:-
Shashidhar S Suligavi, Shilpa K Gokale, S S Doddamani, C S Hiremath. Paediatric Endoscopic Dacryocystorhinostomy: – Our experience. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 August; 33(33): 1547-1550.Available at http://www.jpbms.info
Copyright © 2013 G. Shashidhar S Suligavi,Shilpa K Gokale,S S Doddamani,C S Hiremath. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article
*1Nita Sahi & 2 Ashok Kumar Verma
Affiliation:-
1Professor, Department of biochemistry, Pacific university, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
2Ashok Kumar Verma, Professor and Head, Department of biochemistry, R.N.T Medical College, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Author’s contributions-Both the authors contributed equally to this paper.
Abstract:
The global epidemic of obesity has alarmed all and is also becoming an increasing problem in many developing countries those who are concerned with community, national and international health. Abundance and widespread availability of ready to eat highly calorigenic food coupled with physical inactivity and stress of modern life have contributed to this global health problem. Current dietetic practice is to recommend a healthy eating plan of reduced fat, and increased fiber intake1 Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in this process by lipid peroxidation. OS - induced by (ROS) which are capable of reacting with unsaturated lipids and of initiating chain reactions of lipid peroxidation in the membrane, leads to increased oxidation of plasma proteins, and lipids, loss of protein functions; enzymes, receptors, membrane phospholipids, appearance of toxic products; oxidized LDL, malondialdehyde, the formation of MDA- DNA adducts, damage genetic material, dysregulation of adipocytokines, reduces AO status and predispose obese persons to illness such as CVD. Obesity is associated with decreased activity of erythrocyte cytoprotective enzymes, increased H2O2 production in adipose tissue of obese, oxidative stress implies loss of redox homeostasis, with excess ROS, impaired oxidative defense, increased lipolysis, increased lipogenesis, incomplete oxidation of fat leading to storage and not burning of fat resulting in lipid peroxidation, diet may have fatty acid with double bonds which are vulnerable to lipid peroxidation. Increased metabolic load on myocardium increase O2 consumption, increased mitochondrial respiration, increased production of cytokines, and increased ROS production. The present study was designed to investigate various risk factors and reactive oxygen species mediated changes as etiological in normal, overweight and obese Gujarati and Non Gujarati girls before and after maize diet. The present study emphasizes on an anthropometric study and clinical study with maize diet in 1001 Gujarati and Non Gujarati girls, aged between 18-30 years to study the correlation between various anthropometric measurements, and oxidative stress before and after maize diet. The Gujarati and Non Gujarati girls were residing in different institutional hostels and had come from different districts of Gujarat and other states like Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, and Kerala including Rajasthan for study purpose. The study was divided into two parts. The first part comprised of classifying and distributing the total girls into two groups, Gujarati and Non Gujarati groups to find out the prevalence of girls according to various subgroups or categories. Out of the 1001 girls, 526 girls were Gujaratis and 475 girls were Non Gujaratis. They were further distributed according to weight, height, body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist hip ratio, obesity indices, body fat percent, total body fat, lean body mass and skinfold thickness. In the second part of the study the girls were examined for oxidative stress, before and after maize diet. The parameters selected to evaluate oxidative stress was malondialdehyde, an oxidative stress marker; along with the statistical evaluation of the parameter. MDA was more in overweight and obese girls. The overweight and obese had raised MDA than normal weight girls suggesting hypertriglyceridemia as an important risk factor for obesity and associated diseases. Oxidative stress increased with increasing weight, waist circumference, waist hip ratio and body mass index. There was three fold increases in MDA in overweight and obese girls. Total antioxidant activity together with nutrient and enzymatic antioxidants must be low with increasing MDA levels. Enzymatic antioxidants deplete with high weight, body mass index and high oxidative stress. Normal weight girls had low MDA. Parameter for all three weight ranges was highly significant when matched for maize diet. P value for MDA in all weight ranges was < 0.001. When the two communities were compared, MDA was significant in weight range of 66-80 kg (P < 0.01) Parameter was statistically significant for maize diet in the two categories of height which were height< 15.2 m and height > 1.52 m.MDA was highly significant in underweight category (< 18.5 kg/m2) (P < 0.001) Oxidative stress for body mass index range 30-34.99 kg/m2 was maximum as compared with that in normal body mass index range (18.5 - 24.9 kg/m2) (3.43 ± 0.03nmol/ml v/s 1.81 ± 0.39nmol/ml). As far as effect of maize diet is concerned all four groups of body mass index showed almost similar results in form of highly significant parameter (P < 0.001).MDA was significantly changed in normal and overweight groups. There were three groups of waist hip ratio as underweight (< 0.8), normal (0.80-0.84) and obese (>0.84). MDA in all three categories changed significantly after the maize diet (P < 0.001), When comparison of Gujarati and NonGujarati was done according to waist hip ratio categories it was significant for the obese category. Subjects with high waist circumference, waist hip ratio, body mass index > 25kg/m2 showed quite high values of MDA, when compared to subjects with normal waist circumference, waist hip ratio and body mass index < 25kg/m2. Mean values of MDA, for overweight and normal weight categories were 3.22 ± 0.18nmol/ml v/s 1.64 ± 0.35nmol/ml, However dietary effect of maize was highly significant in all categories of indices (P < 0.001).Two categories of body fat percent < 33% and >33% and two categories of total body fat < 20 kg and > 20 kg were made, and effect of maize diet was almost found to be equal on it for all categories with statistically significant parameter. In the lean body mass category of < 42 kg and > 42 kg, highly significant changes were observed for maize diet; MDA (P < 0.001). For skin fold thickness < 51mm and > 51mm, the mean values for MDA, was 1.74 ± 0.52nmol/ml v/s 2.62 ± 0.68 nmol/ml which shows the relation of skin fold thickness with oxidative stress. Effect of maize diet showed almost similar significant values in both categories with MDA as P < 0.001. DF modulate glucose response, prevents against carbohydrate induced hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia, has sustained energy release-part of energy released in small intestine as glucose (source of energy for brain),part is released in large intestine as Short Chain Fatty Acid (source in muscles and fat tissue), increases glucose uptake in cells, stimulate action of insulin, slows absorption of carbohydrates by causing delay in gastric emptying, increases glucagon secretion, stimulate gluconeogenesis, divert acetyl CoA to form glucose not cholesterol, protect against atherosclerosis, favorably alters lipid metabolism, decreases TG, LDL, BP, increases HDL, antioxidants, protect against chronic diseases, affect properties like volume, bulk, viscosity, in intestinal lumen, which alters metabolic path of hepatic cholesterol and lipoprotein metabolism and lowers LDL-C-increases fat oxidation, decreases fat storage, fat cell size and its synthesis, change sequence in which body burns food-brings fat on top list, restore normal intestinal functions.
Key words: Epilepsy; chronic neurological disorder; megaloblastic anemias; phenytoin.
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Article citation:-
Nita Sahi & Ashok Kumar Verma. Oxidative stress in relation to obesity indices in Gujarati and Nongujarati young girls before and after fiber diet. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 August; 33(33): 1454-1464.Available at http://www.jpbms.info
Copyright © 2013 Nita Sahi & Ashok Kumar Verma. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:
*1Sagar Khadanga & 2T. Karuna
Affiliation:-
1Assistant professor, Department of Medicine, S.C.B Medical College & hospital; Cuttack, Odisha, India.
2 Assistant professor, Department of Microbiology Hi-Tech Medical college & hospital ; Block 3,flat 1,Pandara, Rasulgarh, Bhubaneswar ,Odisha, India.
Abstract:
GU-Tuberculosis is the 2nd most common cause of extra pulmonary tuberculosis. Unlike pulmonary TB the classical symptoms of evening rise of temperature, night sweats, weight loss, lymphadenopathy are absent. Instead, local symptoms like frequency, dysuria, haematuria predominates. They present with sterile pyuria in acidic urine. Though 3 early morning urine AFB culture is gold standard still direct microscopy for urinary AFB will suffice. Since the symptoms confuse with common UTI and the investigations do not lead physician, so high index of suspiciousness is required.
Key words: Tuberculosis (TB); Genito Urinary (GU); Urinary Tract Infection(UTI); Acid Fast Bacilli (AFB).
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Article citation:-
Khadanga Sagar. & Karuna T. Mycobacteriuria:-As a cause of community acquired sterile pyuria in male. Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013 August; 33(33): 1465-1467.Available at http://www.jpbms.info
Copyright © 2013 Khadanga Sagar. & Karuna T. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article:-
Edet, E. E.*1, Uti1, D. E., Edet, T. E2., Akpanabiatu3, M.I. & David-Oku, E.1
Affiliation:-
1Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medical Sciences, University of Calabar, P. M. B.1115, Calabar – Nigeria.
2Ministry of Water Resources, Calabar, Cross River State, Nigeria.
3Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Uyo, P. M. B.1017, Uyo – Nigeria.
Abstract:
The anti–hyperglycaemic effect of Gongronema latifolium (GL) crude leaf extract was investigated in male diabetic Wistar albino rats. Fifty six male rats weighing between 180-300g were divided into 2 major groups (diabetic and non-diabetic) groups of 28 rats each and 8 (4 diabetic and 4 non-diabetic) sub-groups of 7 rats each, consisting of one control and 3 test groups. Diabetes was induced by a single dose (i.p.) administration of 150mg/kg b.wt of alloxan to the rats after a 24 hour fast. Diabetes was confirmed after 7 days which shows fasting blood glucose (FBG) level of > 300mg/dl. The control group received distilled water only while the test groups, 1, 2 and 3 were given GL crude extract with varying concentration of 200mg/kg b.wt day-1, 300 mg/kg b.wt day-1 and 400mg/kg b.wt day-1 respectively for 14 days by a single dose daily administration. GL caused a significant (P<0.001) decrease in FBG at all concentrations. The result was similar in non-diabetic rats producing a significant (p<0.001) decrease in serum glucose levels compared to their controls. The result demonstrated the presence of anti-hyperglycaemic, insulin releasing and insulin-like activity in GL and conferred on GL the ability to induce the recovery of the rat insulin -producing apparatus; after exposure to alloxan poisoning.
Key Words: Gongronema latifoluim; fasting blood glucose; Alloxan, Diabetes.
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Article citation:-
Edet,E.E et al. Intragastric administration of Gongronema latifolium crude leaf Extract lowers fasting blood glucose in diabetic rats. Journal of pharmaceutical and biomedical sciences (J Pharm Biomed Sci.) 2013, 2013 August; 33(33): 1495-1501. Available at http://www.jpbms.info.
Copyright © 2013 Edet,E.E et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.