DocumentsDate added
Original article
Manjula Shantaram1,2,*, Anusha M.S.3, Chethana3
Affiliation:-
1Professor of Biochemistry, Mangalore University, PG Centre, Chikka Aluvara, 571232, Kodagu, Karnataka, India
2Professor of Biochemistry, Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
3Post Graduate Students, Department of Biochemistry, St. Aloysius College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
1. Mangalore University, PG Centre, Chikka Aluvara, 571232, Kodagu, Karnataka, India
2. Yenepoya Medical College, Yenepoya University, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
3. Department of Biochemistry, St. Aloysius College, Mangalore, Karnataka, India
*To whom it corresponds:-
Dr. Manjula Shantaram.
Professor of Biochemistry, Mangalore University, PG Centre, Chikka Aluvara, 571232, Kodagu, Karnataka, India
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a major worldwide health problem leading to markedly increased mortality and serious morbidity. Literature demonstrates increased adenosine deaminase activity in type 2 diabetes mellitus than in non- diabetics. Adenosine deaminase (ADA) is an enzyme that has been suggested to be important for modulating the bioactivity of insulin. It is a metalloenzyme which catalyzes the irreversible deamination of adenosine and deoxyadenosine to inosine and deoxyinosine and has an important role in regulating adenosine concentration. This study aims to correlate the association of adenosine deaminase with type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The subjects included in this study consisted of 20 normal healthy individuals who served as controls with no history of DM and 20 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus both males and females in the age group of 25-50 years on oral hypoglycemic drugs. In our study, the activity of serum ADA was measured according to the method of Giusti. ADA was estimated in all the subjects under study. ADA level was found to be decreased in the patients of type 2 DM as compared to controls. Moreover, the patients were the confirmed diabetes cases and were undergoing treatment for their disease. It is possible that the decrease in ADA levels may be due to the depressed cell mediated immunity in the patients due to the intake of medicines to control their blood sugar. Results suggest that reduced serum ADA activity reflects decrease in ADA 2 activity.
Keywords: Diabetes Mellitus (DM); Adenosine deaminase(ADA); Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus; Serum.
Article citation:
Manjula Shantaram, Anusha M.S, Chethana. Serum Adenosine Deaminase activity in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(03): 246-248. Available at www.jpbms.info.
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5.Bopp A, De Bona KS, Belle LP, Moresco RN, Moretto MB. Syzygium cumini inhibits adenosine deaminase activity and reduce levels in hyperglycemic patients. Fundamental & Clinical Pharmacology, 2009; 23(4): 501-507.
6.Kurtul N, Pence S, Akarsu E, Kocoglu H, Aksoy Y, Aksoy H. Adenosine deaminase activity in the serum of type 2 diabetic patients. Acta Medica, 2004:47(1), 33-35.
7.Yoneyama Y, Sawa R, Suzuki S, Ishino H, Miura A, Kuwabara Y, et al. Regulation of plasma adenosine levels in normal pregnancy. Gynecol Obstet Invest, 2002; 53:71-74.
8.Giusti G. Methods of enzymatic analysis. In: Bergmeyer HU editor. 2nd Vol. 2. New York: Academic Press Inc.; 1974, Adenosine deaminase; pp1092—1099.
9.Amandeep Kaur, Sahiba Kukreja, Naresh Malhotra, Neha. Serum Adenosine Deaminase Activity and Its Correlation with Glycated Haemoglobin Levels in Patients of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus. Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research. 2012;6(2): 252-256.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Manjula Shantaram, Anusha M.S, Chethana. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Research article:
Lakshminarasimhaiah1,*, S. Alexander2
Affiliation:-
1Prasad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jangaon-506167, Warangal District, Andhra Pradesh, India.
2J.S.S College of Pharmacy, Rocklands, Post Box No:20, Ootacamund-643 001, Tamil Nadu, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Prasad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jangaon-506167, Warangal District, Andhra Pradesh, India
J.S.S College of Pharmacy, Rocklands, Post Box No: 20, Ootacamund-643 001, Tamil Nadu, India
*To whom it corresponds:-
Lakshminarasimhaiah.
Prasad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jangaon-506167, Warangal District, Andhra Pradesh, India
Abstract
In the present investigation a series of pyrazole derivatives were synthesized by condensation of 8-acetyl, 7-hydroxy, 4-methyl coumarin(I) with substituted benzaldehyde to form chalkone (II). The obtained chalkone was treated with hydrazine to form pyrazole derivatives(IIIa-h). The synthesized compounds were characterized by IR, NMR, Mass spectra and elemental analysis. The synthesized compounds were evaluated for analgesic activity. The synthesized compounds showed good analgesic activity compared to standard drug.
Keywords: Analgesic activity; ESIMS; 1H NMR; IR; Pyrazole.
Article citation:
Lakshminarasimhaiah, S. Alexander. Synthesis and Biological Evaluation of New Pyrazole Derivatives. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(03): 267-272. Available at www.jpbms.info.
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Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Lakshminarasimhaiah, S. Alexander. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:
Tripathi Purti C1,*, Dhote Kiran2
Affiliation:-
1Assistant Professor,2Laboratory Technician, Department of Microbiology, L. N. Medical College and Research Centre, Bhopal (M.P.) 462042, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Microbiology, L. N. Medical College and Research Centre, Bhopal (M.P.) India
*To whom it corresponds:-
Dr. Purti C. Tripathi
Flat No. 402, Vaishnavi Dham, Plot E77/78, Sector 3, Belpada, Kharghar, Mumbai - 410 210, Maharashtra, India.
Phone numbers: 9922558999, 9827091875
Abstract
Background: Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) are the commonest health problem demanding frequent consultation and hospitalization. Moreover, in recent years, there has been dramatic rise in antibiotic resistance among respiratory pathogens. This study aims to know the prevalence of microorganisms causing lower respiratory tract infections and to determine the antibiotic susceptibility pattern of these bacterial isolates.
Material and Methods: 372 sputum samples of patients presenting with symptoms of LRTI were collected and processed by standard microbiological techniques. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by modified Kirby Bauer method as per the CLSI guidelines. All gram negative organisms were further tested for ESBL production using CLSI phenotypic confirmatory test.
Results: Out of 372 processed sputum specimens, 157 (42.20%) specimens yielded significant growth. The highest isolation rate was observed in the 51-60 years of age group with a male preponderance. Klebsiella pneumoniae (42.03%) was found to be the predominant organism. The resistance pattern varied for different organisms. All the gram negative isolates were sensitive to imipenem while high resistance was recorded for antibiotics such as ampicillin, third generation cephalosporins, amoxycillin-clavulinic acid, ampicillin-sulbactam and trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole. For the gram positive isolates, vancomycin and linezolid were 100% sensitive. 35(25.73%) gram negative isolates were found to be extended spectrum beta-lactamase producers.
Conclusion: LRTI remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Therefore correct identification of the causative pathogens and their antibiotic susceptibility pattern in turn helps to select best antibiotic therapy which ultimately helps for diagnosis and treatment of the patients.
Keywords: LRTI; Gram negative isolates; Antibiotic resistance; ESBL.
REFERENCES
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Article citation:
Tripathi Purti C, Dhote Kiran. Lower respiratory tract infections: Current etiological trends and antibiogram. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(03): 249-255. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Tripathi Purti C, Dhote Kiran. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:
Jogia Priyanka D1,*, Desai Malini R2, Jogia Ashutosh3
Affiliation:-
1M.S.(Obstetrics & Gynecology), Assistant Professor, PDU Govt. Medical College, Rajkot. 2M.S. (Obstetrics & Gynecology), Professor and Head, BJ medical college, Ahmedabad, 3Resident Doctor (Community Medicine), PDU Govt. Medical College, Rajkot. Gujarat, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, BJ medical college, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India
*To whom it corresponds:-
Dr. Priyanka D Jogia.
Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, PDU Govt. Medical College, Rajkot. Gujarat, India
Authors contributions:
Dr Priyanka Jogia has contributed in concepts, design, definition of intellectual content, literature search, data acquisition, data analysis, statistical analysis, manuscript preparation, manuscript editing, and manuscript review of the study. He takes responsibility of the integrity of the work as a whole from inception to published article and is the ‘guarantor’ of this study.
Dr Malini R Desai has contributed in concepts, design, definition of intellectual content, literature search, manuscript preparation, manuscript editing, and manuscript review of the study.
Dr. Ashutosh Jogia has contributed in design, definition of intellectual content, literature search, data analysis, statistical analysis, manuscript editing and manuscript review.
Abstract
Background: Abortion related deaths accounts to almost 13% of all pregnancy related deaths. Electric vacuum aspiration (EVA) is the most commonly used method of surgical abortion worldwide. Manual vacuum aspiration (MVA) syringe is a new method of abortion introduced under National Rural Health Mission and to be done at primary health care level.
Objectives: The purpose of this study is to compare EVA and MVA as methods for first trimester MTP in terms of efficacy, safety, blood loss and complications.
Method: The present study was a comparative study design comparing the two standard procedures for surgical termination of first trimester pregnancy. A total 208 subjects were studied after informed written consent. The women fulfilling the inclusion criteria & not having any of the exclusion criteria were then sequentially assigned alternately into Group A (EVA) and Group B (MVA).
Result: In the present study both groups were comparable according to age and gestational age in days (p>0.05). Mean blood loss in women undergoing MVA and EVA was 32.4 ml and 51.5 ml respectively. Similarly, 92.31% and 96.15% of the women undergoing MVA and EVA had complete abortion respectively.
Conclusion: Both procedures were equally effective with clinically insignificant blood loss. The occurrence of complications was relatively less and patient acceptability was more in women undergoing MVA as compared to women undergoing EVA, although statistically insignificant. However MVA being a simple, inexpensive procedure and its ability to be successfully used under resource poor primary health care settings makes it superior than EVA for developing countries.
Keywords: Effectiveness; Electric vacuum aspiration; Manual vacuum aspiration; Medical Termination of Pregnancy; Surgical methods of first trimester abortion.
Article citation:
Jogia Priyanka D, Desai Malini R, Jogia Ashutosh D. A Study to compare the efficacy and safety of manual vacuum aspiration as compared to electric vacuum aspiration in women undergoing first trimester medical termination of pregnancy. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 4(02): 261-266. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 Jogia Priyanka D,Desai Malini R,Jogia Ashutosh D. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
Original article:
M. Anil Kumar1, Ch.Rohini2, E.Prabhakar Reddy3,*, V Siva Kumar4 ,P.V.L.N.Srinivasa Rao5
Affiliation:-
1Tutor,Department of Biochemistry, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences Pondicherry,India
2Tutor, Department of Physiology, Sri Manakula Vinayagar Medical College and Hospital Pondicherry, India
3Associate Professor, Department of Biochemistry, Sri Lakshmi Narayana Institute of Medical Sciences Pondicherry, India
4Professor & Head, Department of Nephrology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, A.P, India
5Professor & Head, Department of Biochemistry, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, A.P, India
The name of the department(s) and institution(s) to which the work should be attributed:
Department of Biochemistry, Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences Pondicherry,India
*To whom it corresponds:-
M. Anil Kumar.
Department of Biochemistry,
Pondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences,
Pondicherry, India.
Abstract
Uremic malnutrition is predominantly present in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and worsens with the progression of CKD and is more evident in stage 5 CKD. These patients have well-defined abnormalities in their plasma and to a lesser extent in their muscle amino acid profiles. Of these the plasma levels of branched chain aminoacids (BCAA) leucine, isoleucine and valine are particularly important in skeletal muscle energy metabolism, and leucine enhances protein synthesis. The nutritional status in predialysis patients is a predictor for their prognosis in the first period of dialysis. Serum albumin is the most commonly used nutritional marker however its serum concentration decreases sharply in response to inflammation. Plasma BCAA’s were evaluated along with albumin and C-reactive protein in fifteen patients of early stages of chronic kidney disease (stages I & II classified as per K/DOQI guidelines) and fifteen age and sex matched healthy controls. A significant decrease in plasma concentration of valine, leucine, and albumin, were observed in the study group when compared to the controls (p< 0.05). No significant difference in the CRP levels was observed between the two groups. Malnutrition seen in our patients point to the need to evaluate the nutritional status of CKD patients in the early stage and institution of measures in the form of amino acid supplementation in the early stages to decrease the morbidity and mortality in these patients before start of dialysis.
Keywords: Malnutrition; Predialysis; Albumin; C-reactive protein; Amino acid.
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Article citation:
M.Anil Kumar, Ch.Rohini, E.Prabhakar Reddy, V Siva Kumar ,P.V.L.N.Srinivasa Rao. Branched Chain Amino Acid Profile In Chronic Kidney Disease Patients. J Pharm Biomed Sci 2014; 04(03): 256-260. Available at www.jpbms.info.
Source of support: None
Competing interest / Conflict of interest
The author(s) have no competing interests for financial support, publication of this research, patents and royalties through this collaborative research. All authors were equally involved in discussed research work. There is no financial conflict with the subject matter discussed in the manuscript.
Copyright © 2014 M.Anil Kumar, Ch.Rohini, E.Prabhakar Reddy, V Siva Kumar, P.V.L.N.Srinivasa Rao. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.